In the latest Boston Review, Rebecca Saxe has a fun essay on recent experiments that try (and struggle) to pinpoint "moral reasoning" in the brain. Alternatively, Chris of Mixing Memory had two fascinating posts on the subject here and here. All very easy to follow for lazy dilettantes like me. Also, one of the results that Saxe cites—that only psychopathic children are unable to distinguish between morality and obeying a higher authority—has some awesomely belligerent applications, but I don't really want to go there.